Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry – Notes

Classification of Matter
Chemistry is the branch of science that deals with the study of the composition, structure, properties of matter and changes it undergoes.
Anything that has mass and occupies space is known as matter.
Matter can exist in three physical states based on the arrangement of constituent particles – solid, liquid and gaseous.
Matter can be classified as pure substances and mixtures based on the chemical composition.
Based on the uniformity of the particles, mixture can further be classified as homogenous and heterogeneous mixture.
Pure substances can be classified into elements and compounds based on the possibility to separate the substance into its constituents.

Properties of Matter
Physical properties are those properties which can be measured or observed without changing the identity or the composition of the substance.
The chemical properties of a substance can be observed when the substance undergoes a chemical reaction.
Mass is the amount of matter present in a substance, while weight is the gravitational force exerted on the substance.