Genetics – Notes

First and Second Laws of Inheritance

Gregor Johann Mendal carried out several hybridisation experiments with true- breeding pea lines which had sharply contrasting characters.

A monohybrid cross is the study of inheritance of one pair of contrasting characters.

The law of Dominance states that a monohybrid, pure line cross between parents with contrasting traits, the dominant form appears in the F₁ generation and both forms appear in a ration of 3:1 in the generation.

The law of segregation states that alleles do not show any blending but segregate from each other during gamete formation into different gametes.

Punnett Square is a graphical representation that helps calculate the probability of all possible genotypes of the progeny in a genetic cross.