Morphology of Flowering Plants – Notes

Roots of Flowering Plants
Roots provide proper anchorage to plants, synthesis plant growth regulators and help in the absorption of water and minerals from the soil.
The primary root and its branches comprise the tap root system, which is mostly found in dicotyledonous plants.
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The fibrous root system, usually seen in monocotyledonous plants, has a network of large and small roots originating from the base of the stem and spreading laterally.
Adventitious roots arise from stems, leaves or parts other than the radical.
From the tip upwards, a root has a root cap, a region of meristematic activity, a region of elongation and a region of maturation along with root hairs.

Stems of Flowering Plants
A stem is a plant organ that develops from the plumule of a germinating seed and is the main axis or stalk of a plant.